ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib
ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib by Hakob Hovnatanyan (c. 19th century)
Sunnism: Rightly-Guided Caliph Shiism: First Imam All Islam: Ahl al-Bayt, Ṣaḥābī, Martyr; Commander of the Faithful, One Promised Paradise, The Door to the City of Knowledge, One whom God Favored, The Great News, Leader of the God-conscious, Lion of God, Brave-heart, Leader of the Knights of God, Father of the Dust, King of the Saints, Leader of the Saints
Venerated in	All Islam (Salafis honor rather than venerate him).
Major shrine	Imam Ali Mosque, Najaf, Iraq

‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

Ali (/ˈɑːli, ɑːˈliː/;Arabic: علي‎, translit. ʿAlī‎, Arabic pronunciation: [ʕaliː]; 15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. He ruled over the Caliphate from 656 to 661, and was Imam of Shia Islam from 632 to 661.

Born to Abu Talib and Fatimah bint Asad, ‘Ali was the only person born in the sacred sanctuary of the Ka‘bah in Mecca, the holiest place in Islam, according to many classical Islamic sources, especially Shia ones. ‘Ali was the first young male who accepted Islam. After migrating to Medina, he married Muhammad's daughter Fatimah. Ali took part in the early caravan raids from Mecca and later in almost all the battles fought by the nascent Muslim community. He was appointed caliph by Muhammad's Companions (Sahaba) in 656, after Caliph Uthman ibn Affan was assassinated. ‘Ali's reign saw civil wars and in 661, he was attacked and assassinated by a Kharijite while praying in the Great Mosque of Kufa, dying two days later.

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