Anni di piombo

Years of Lead

Part of the Cold War

Aftermath of the bombing at the Bologna railway station in August 1980 which killed 85 people, the deadliest event during the Years of Lead.

Date

Late 1968 – early 1982 (14 years)

Location

Italy (mainly Northern Italy)

Result

Eventual decrease of terrorist activity in Italy:

The kidnapping of Aldo Moro (1978) caused the fall of popular support for the Red Brigades
The Bologna massacre (1980) led to the dismantling of the main far-right terrorist groups
The Propaganda Due affair (1981) caused the decline of secret circles for several years

Belligerents

Italian Government

SISDE (Internal)
SISMI (Foreign)
Armed Forces
Carabinieri

Supported by:

Far-left terrorist groups:

October 22 Group

Continuous Struggle

Far-right terrorist groups:
National Vanguard
New Order
Black Order
NAR
Third Position

Supported by:

Commanders and leaders

Giulio Andreotti
Aldo Moro
Francesco Cossiga
Mariano Rumor
Franco Restivo
Emilio Colombo
Virginio Rognoni
Arnaldo Forlani

Renato Curcio
Margherita Cagol
Alberto Franceschini
Marco Donat Cattin
Giangiacomo Feltrinelli
Cesare Battisti
Toni Negri
Franco Piperno
Oreste Scalzone

Franco Freda
Stefano Delle Chiaie
Vincenzo Vinciguerra
Roberto Fiore
Valerio Fioravanti
Gabriele Adinolfi

Casualties and losses

250+

Eventual decrease of terrorist activity in Italy:

Italian Government

Far-right terrorist groups:
National Vanguard
New Order
Black Order
NAR
Third Position

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Wikipedia

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