Cardinal Pecci
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Pope Leo XIII | |
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| Bishop of Rome | |
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| Papacy began | 20 February 1878 |
| Papacy ended | 20 July 1903 |
| Predecessor | Pius IX |
| Successor | Pius X |
| Orders | |
| Ordination |
31 December 1837 by Carlo Odescalchi |
| Consecration |
19 February 1843 by Luigi Lambruschini |
| Created Cardinal |
19 December 1853 by Pius IX |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci |
| Born |
2 March 1810 Carpineto Romano, département of Rome, French Empire |
| Died |
20 July 1903 (aged 93) Apostolic Palace, Rome, Italy |
| Previous post |
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Papal styles of Pope Leo XIII | |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | None |
Ordination history of Pope Leo XIII | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| History | |
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Priestly ordination | |
| Ordained by | Carlo Odescalchi |
| Date of ordination | 31 December 1837 |
Episcopal consecration | |
| Principal consecrator | Luigi Lambruschini |
| Co-consecrators |
Fabio Maria Asquini Giuseppe Maria Castellani |
| Date of consecration | 19 February 1843 |
Cardinalate | |
| Elevated by | Pius IX |
| Date of elevation | 19 December 1853 |
| Episcopal succession | |
|---|---|
Bishops consecrated by Pope Leo XIII as principal consecrator | |
| Antonio Briganti | 19 November 1871 |
| Carmelo Pascucci | 19 November 1871 |
| Carlo Laurenzi | 24 June 1877 |
| Edoardo Borromeo | 19 May 1878 |
| Francesco Latoni | 1 June 1879 |
| Jean Baptiste François Pitra | 1 June 1879 |
| Bartholomew Woodlock | 1 June 1879 |
| Agostino Bausa | 24 March 1889 |
| Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco | 29 May 1898 |
Pope Leo XIII (Italian: Leone; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 to his death. He was the oldest pope (reigning until the age of 93), and had the third-longest confirmed pontificate, behind that of Pius IX (his immediate predecessor) and John Paul II. He is the most recent pontiff to date to take the pontifical name of "Leo" upon being elected to the pontificate.
He is well known for his intellectualism and his attempts to define the position of the Catholic Church with regard to modern thinking. In his famous 1891 encyclical Rerum novarum, Pope Leo outlined the rights of workers to a fair wage, safe working conditions, and the formation of labor unions, while affirming the rights of property and free enterprise, opposing both Marxism and laissez-faire capitalism. He influenced Mariology of the Catholic Church and promoted both the rosary and the scapular.
Leo XIII issued a record of eleven Papal encyclicals on the rosary earning him the title as the "Rosary Pope". In addition, he approved two new Marian scapulars and was the first pope to fully embrace the concept of Mary as Mediatrix. He was the first pope to never have held any control over the Papal States, after they had been dissolved by 1870. He was briefly buried in the grottos of Saint Peter's Basilica before his remains were later transferred to the Basilica of Saint John Lateran.
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Wikipedia