Charles DeGaulle
| Charles de Gaulle | |
|---|---|
-(a).jpg)
Charles de Gaulle in 1958
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| President of France | |
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In office 8 January 1959 – 28 April 1969 |
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| Prime Minister |
Michel Debré Georges Pompidou Maurice Couve de Murville |
| Preceded by | René Coty |
| Succeeded by | Georges Pompidou |
| Prime Minister of France | |
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In office 1 June 1958 – 8 January 1959 |
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| President | René Coty |
| Preceded by | Pierre Pflimlin |
| Succeeded by | Michel Debré |
| Chairman of the Provisional Government of the French Republic | |
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In office 3 June 1944 – 26 January 1946 |
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| Preceded by |
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| Succeeded by | Félix Gouin |
| Leader of Free France | |
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In office 18 June 1940 – 3 June 1944 |
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| Minister of Defence | |
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In office 1 June 1958 – 8 January 1959 |
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| Preceded by | Pierre de Chevigné |
| Succeeded by | Pierre Guillaumat |
| Minister of Algerian Affairs | |
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In office 12 June 1958 – 9 January 1959 |
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| Preceded by | André Mutter |
| Succeeded by | Louis Joxe |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Charles André Joseph Pierre Marie de Gaulle 22 November 1890 Lille, France |
| Died | 9 November 1970 (aged 79) Colombey-les-Deux-Églises, France |
| Resting place | Colombey-les-Deux-Églises Churchyard Colombey-les-Deux-Eglises, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Political party | Union for the New Republic |
| Spouse(s) | Yvonne Vendroux (m. 1921) |
| Children | |
| Alma mater | École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
French Third Republic Free France |
| Service/branch |
French Army French Armed Forces Free French Forces |
| Years of service | 1912–1944 |
| Rank | Brigade general |
| Unit | Infantry Armoured cavalry |
| Commands | Free French Forces |
| Battles/wars |
World War I • Battle of Verdun • Battle of the Somme World War II • Battle of France • Battle of Montcornet • Battle of Abbeville • Battle of Dakar • Liberation of Paris |
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Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (French: [ʃaʁl də ɡol] (
listen); 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the French Resistance against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 in order to reestablish democracy in France. In 1958, he came out of retirement when appointed Prime Minister of France by President René Coty. He was asked to rewrite the Constitution of France and founded the Fifth Republic after approval by referendum. He was elected President of France later that year, a position he was reelected to in 1965 and held until his resignation in 1969. He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.
Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912. He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun. During the interwar period, he advocated mobile armoured divisions. During the German invasion of May 1940, he led an armoured division which counterattacked the invaders; he was then appointed Undersecretary for War. Refusing to accept his government's armistice with Germany, De Gaulle exhorted the French population to resist occupation and to continue the fight in his Appeal of 18 June. He led a government in exile and the Free French Forces against the Axis. Despite frosty relations with the United Kingdom and especially the United States, he emerged as the undisputed leader of the French Resistance. He became head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic in June 1944, the interim government of France following its Liberation. As early as 1944, De Gaulle introduced a dirigiste economic policy, which included substantial state-directed control over a capitalist economy which was followed by 30 years of unprecedented growth, known as the Trente Glorieuses.
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