Cheatgrass
| Bromus tectorum | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Left: Drooping brome Bromus tectorum Right: field brome Bromus arvensis |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Genus: | Bromus |
| Species: | B. tectorum |
| Binomial name | |
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Bromus tectorum L. |
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| Synonyms | |
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Anisantha tectorum (L.) Nevski |
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Anisantha tectorum (L.) Nevski
Bromus tectorum, known as drooping brome or cheatgrass, is an annual grass native to Europe, southwestern Asia, and northern Africa, but has become invasive in many other areas. In the eastern US B. tectorum is common along roadsides and as a crop weed, but usually does not dominate an ecosystem. It has become a dominate species in the Intermountain West and parts of Canada, and displays especially invasive behavior in the sagebrush steppe ecosystems where it has been listed as a noxious weed.B. tectorum often enters the site in an area that has been disturbed, and then quickly expands into the surrounding area through its rapid growth and prolific seed production. The overgrazing and trampling by range raised cattle in the sagebrush steppe ecosystems create the perfect seedbed for B. tectorum colonization. The reduction of native plants and the increased fire frequency caused by B. tectorum prompted the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to examine if the greater sage-grouse needed to be listed as a threatened or endangered species due to habitat destruction. After the review was completed by the USFWS, Secretarial Order 3336 was signed with the goal of reducing the threat of rangeland fires and preserve habitat by reducing downy brome. Research has shown that ecosystems with a healthy biological soil crust and native plant community will be resistant to B. tectorum invasion. In areas where B. tectorum is invasive treatments that are being researched/used by land managers to control B. tectorum include seeding of native plants and non-native bunch-grasses to out compete B. tectorum, herbicides, and prescribed burns. The effectiveness of these treatments is tightly linked to the timing of the water availability at the site. With precipitation shortly after herbicide and seeding treatments increasing the success, and overall high precipitation increasing B. tectorum growth causing the treatment effects to be statistically insignificant.
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Wikipedia