Chromosome 5 (human)

Chromosome 5 (human)
Human chromosome 5 pair after G-banding. One is from mother, one is from father.
Chromosome 5 pair in human male karyogram.
Features
Length (bp)	181,538,259 bp
No. of genes	2,578 2,505
Type	Autosome
Centromere position	Submetacentric
Identifiers
RefSeq	NC_000005
GenBank	CM000667

Chromosome 5 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 5 spans about 181 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA) and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in cells. Chromosome 5 is the 5th largest human chromosomes, yet has one of the lowest gene densities. This is partially explained by numerous gene-poor regions that display a remarkable degree of non-coding and syntenic conservation with non-mammalian vertebrates, suggesting they are functionally constrained.

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies. In January 2017, two estimates differed by 3%, with one estimate giving 2,578 genes, and the other estimate giving 2,505 genes.

Because chromosome 5 is responsible for many forms of growth and development (cell divisions) changes may cause cancers. One example would be acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

The following are some of the genes located on chromosome 5:

The following are some of the diseases related to genes located on chromosome 5:

The following conditions are caused by changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 5: