Collagenase
| Matrix metallopeptidase 1 (interstitial collagenase) | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | MMP1 |
| Entrez | 4312 |
| HUGO | 7155 |
| OMIM | 120353 |
| RefSeq | NM_002421 |
| UniProt | P03956 |
| Other data | |
| EC number | 3.4.24.7 |
| Locus | Chr. 11 q21-q22 |
| Matrix metallopeptidase 8 (neutrophil collagenase) | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | MMP8 |
| Entrez | 4317 |
| HUGO | 7175 |
| OMIM | 120355 |
| RefSeq | NM_002424 |
| UniProt | P22894 |
| Other data | |
| EC number | Chromosome = 11 3.4.24.3 Chromosome = 11 |
| Peptidase M9 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Peptidase M9 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF01752 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0126 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR013510 | ||||||||
| MEROPS | M9 | ||||||||
|
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| Available protein structures: | |
|---|---|
| Pfam | structures |
| PDB | RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj |
| PDBsum | structure summary |
Collagenases are enzymes that break the peptide bonds in collagen. They assist in destroying extracellular structures in the pathogenesis of bacteria such as Clostridium. They are considered a virulence factor, facilitating the spread of gas gangrene. They normally target the connective tissue in muscle cells and other body organs.
Collagen, a key component of the animal extracellular matrix, is made through cleavage of pro-collagen by collagenase once it has been secreted from the cell. This stops large structures from forming inside the cell itself.
In addition to being produced by some bacteria, collagenase can be made by the body as part of its normal immune response. This production is induced by cytokines, which stimulate cells such as fibroblasts and osteoblasts, and can cause indirect tissue damage.
Collagenases have been approved for medical uses for
This group of metallopeptidases constitutes the MEROPS peptidase family M9, subfamilies M9A and M9B (microbial collagenase, clan MA(E)). The protein fold of the peptidase domain for members of this family resembles that of thermolysin, the type example for clan MA and the predicted active site residues for members of this family and thermolysin occur in the motif HEXXH.
Microbial collagenases have been identified from bacteria of both the Vibrio and Clostridium genera. Collagenase is used during bacterial attack to degrade the collagen barrier of the host during invasion. Vibrio bacteria are sometimes used in hospitals to remove dead tissue from burns and ulcers. Clostridium histolyticum is a pathogen that causes gas gangrene; nevertheless, the isolated collagenase has been used to treat bed sores. Collagen cleavage occurs at an Xaa+Gly in Vibrio bacteria and at Yaa+Gly bonds in Clostridium collagenases .
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