Darshana Upanishad
| Darshana | |
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Mayurasana is one of eight postures described in Darshana Upanishad
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| Devanagari | दर्शन |
| IAST | Darśana |
| Title means | View, Meet |
| Type | Yoga |
| Linked Veda | Samaveda |
| Chapters | 10 |
| Philosophy | Yoga, Vedanta |
The text describes the following yoga Asana Svastikasana, Gomukhasana, Padmasana, Virasana, Simhasana, Bhadrasana, Muktasana, Mayurasana and Sukhasana.
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The Darshana Upanishad (Sanskrit: दर्शन उपनिषत्, IAST: Darśana Upaniṣad) is one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism written in Sanskrit. It is one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas, and it is attached to the Samaveda.
The text presents classical Yoga similar to the Patanjali's Yogasutras-style format in a sequential ascending eight yogic stages, but unlike Yogasutras, the Darshana Upanishad includes kundalini concepts. The ultimate goal of Yoga, states the Upanishad, is self-knowledge and realizing the identity of one's soul (Atman) with the universal reality (Brahman).
Gavin Flood dates the text to around 100 BCE to 300 CE.Georg Feuerstein suggests the text probably post-dates the Yogasutras.
This Upanihad is also referred to as Yoga Darshana Upanishad,Jabala Darshana Upanishad, Jābāladarṣana Upanishad, and Darśanopaniṣad (दर्शनोपनिषत्). It is listed at number 90 in the serial order of the Muktika enumerated by Rama to Hanuman in the modern era anthology of 108 Upanishads.
The Upanishad is structured into ten sections (or chapters) of unequal length with two hundred and nine verses. The text is structured as a discourse by Hindu god Dattatreya to sage Sankriti on Yoga.
The text presents a fusion of Hatha Yoga and eight limbed Patanjali Yogasutras methodology, on a foundation of Vedanta and Yoga philosophies. The first and second chapters describe ethics of a Yogi, as necessary for success in Yoga. Many asanas (yogic postures) are mentioned, and nine explained in chapter 3. Chapter 4 asserts that god (Shiva) is within the temple of one's body, and the best pilgrimage is something one can make daily to this inner world. Some subsections in chapter 5 discuss its theory of blood vessels and inner energy flows, along with techniques for inner cleansing. One of the largest chapters is dedicated to breathing exercises, while the last four chapters describe steps for concentration, introspection, meditation, self-knowledge and ultimately union of the soul (Atman) with the Absolute Reality (Brahman).
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