Doris (Sailing yacht)
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Doris
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1983 photo
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| Location | Connecticut River off River Rd., Deep River, Connecticut |
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| Coordinates | 41°23′0″N 72°23′34″W / 41.38333°N 72.39278°WCoordinates: 41°23′0″N 72°23′34″W / 41.38333°N 72.39278°W |
| Area | less than 1 acre (0.40 ha) |
| Built | 1905 and 1934 |
| Architect | N.G. Herreshoff; Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. |
| NRHP Reference # | 84001108 |
| Added to NRHP | May 31, 1984 |
Doris is a sailing yacht, which has also been known as Astarte, Huntress and Vayu, in Deep River, Connecticut that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. She was designed by Nathanael Herreshoff, who designed five America's Cup defender yachts and who also was the main architect of the America's Cup rule change called the Universal Rule. That rule allowed for displacement as well as length and sail area to be included in a formula defining yacht eligibility, and enabled more "sea-kindly" and roomier yachts to be competitive. Previously, America Cup racers were often "either sleek and fast, but had unseaworthy characteristics, or scow-like vessels which were cumbersome but safe and able passage-makers."Doris is believed to be the largest Herreshoff-designed sloop that was built and has survived. She is said to be the first boat built under the Universal Rule.
Built in Bristol, Rhode Island, in 1905, by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Co.,Doris is the largest all-wood vessel ever built by the firm. The ship was commissioned by S. Reed Anthony, a founding partner of investment banking firm Tucker, Anthony & Co., who paid $18,000. She soon proved her worth, as Doris "... proved to be a sensation in the yachting world when she defeated Gloriana, an earlier Herreshoff design built in 1891 and reported to be the fastest sailing vessel of her day, in a series of match races off Marblehead, Massachusetts." The ship is also unusual for two construction details. Herreshoff employed metal hanging knees instead of the more traditional sheer clamp, and Doris is the only boat to possess what Herreshoff called "belt" or "web frames", whereby oak frames were bent "over the ceiling".
Although originally rigged as a gaff-sloop / cutter, the rigging was changed prior to the 1932 Bermuda Race. This proved to be advantageous, as the yacht led the race "for a good part of the race before light winds gave favor to the smaller vessels." In 1934, under the ownership of Lawrence Lowell Reeve, she was converted to a Marconi-ketch.
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