Dr. Livingstone
| David Livingstone | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
19 March 1813 Blantyre, Scotland |
| Died | 1 May 1873 (aged 60) Chief Chitambo's Village, in what is today Zambia |
| Cause of death | Malaria and internal bleeding due to dysentery |
| Resting place |
Westminster Abbey 51°29′58″N 0°07′39″W / 51.499444°N 0.1275°W |
| Known for | Spreading the Gospel and Exploration of Africa |
| Spouse(s) | Mary (née Moffat; m. 1845 – 27 April 1862; her death); 6 children |
David Livingstone (/ˈlɪvɪŋstən/; 19 March 1813 – 1 May 1873) was a Scottish Congregationalist, pioneer medical missionary with the London Missionary Society, an explorer in Africa, and one of the most popular British heroes of the late-19th-century in the Victorian era. He had a mythical status that operated on a number of interconnected levels: Protestant missionary martyr, working-class "rags-to-riches" inspirational story, scientific investigator and explorer, imperial reformer, anti-slavery crusader, and advocate of commercial and colonial expansion.
His fame as an explorer and his obsession with discovering the sources of the Nile River was founded on the belief that if he could solve that age-old mystery, his fame would give him the influence to end the East African Arab-Swahili slave trade. "The Nile sources," he told a friend, "are valuable only as a means of opening my mouth with power among men. It is this power which I hope to remedy an immense evil." His subsequent exploration of the central African watershed was the culmination of the classic period of European geographical discovery and colonial penetration of Africa. At the same time, his missionary travels, "disappearance", and eventual death in Africa—and subsequent glorification as a posthumous national hero in 1874—led to the founding of several major central African Christian missionary initiatives carried forward in the era of the European "Scramble for Africa".
His meeting with Henry Morton Stanley on 10 November 1871 gave rise to the popular quotation "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
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