Eurafrika

Eurafrica, also known as Eurafrique or Eurafrika (both portmanteaus of "Europe" and "Africa" in French and German), refers to the idea of strategic partnership between Africa and Europe. In the decades before World War II, supporters of European integration advocated a merger of African colonies as a first step towards a federal Europe. As a genuine political project, it played a crucial role in the early development of the European Union but was largely forgotten afterwards. In the context of a renewed EU Strategy for Africa, and controversies about a Euromediterranean Partnership, the term went through a sort of revival in the last years.

The term was already coined in the high imperial period of the nineteenth century. It played a role in some technocratical fantasies, e.g. the Atlantropa vision in the 1920s and 30s (compare the recently failed Desertec project). It then aimed to integrate African colonies providing raw materials with Europe.Erich Obst was one of the propagators during World War II.

The 1920s saw Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi founding the first popular movement for a united Europe. His Paneuropean Union saw a Eurafrican alliance using the European colonies as "dowry" as important base of Europes ability to found a third pillar against the Americas and Asia. Coudenhove-Kalergis' belief had racial undertones as he claimed that Eurafrika would combine European high culture and African "primitive" vitalism to benefit both continents.Luiza Bialasiewicz refers to Karl Haushofers vision of an "Eurafrican" pan-region as base of the vision of Eurafrica as the most central third of the world.

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