Flag of São Paulo (state)
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| Use | Civil and state flag |
|---|---|
| Proportion | 2:3 |
| Adopted | 27 November 1946 |
| Design | 13 stripes varying between black and white, with a red canton on the upper left corner. Inside the canton, four yellow stars in each corner and a white circle in the middle with a blue map of Brazil. |
The flag of the state of São Paulo, along with the coat of arms and the anthem, comprise the symbols of the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
Designed by the philologist and writer Júlio Ribeiro in 1888, it was the flag of the republican regime that was effectively proclaimed on November 15, 1889. Ribeiro developed the flag with his brother-in-law, Amador Amaral, a graphic artist.
The flag has thirteen black and white stripes that represent the days and nights that the bandeirantes explored the Brazilian inlands. It has a red rectangle in the upper left corner, representing the blood shed by the bandeirantes, with a white circle and a map of Brazil in blue, since it is considered to be the color of strength. There are four yellow stars inside the corners of the red rectangle.
The flag was a de facto symbol of São Paulo after the Constitutionalist Revolution, but was only made official on November 27, 1946, under the Decree-Law 16.349 of the Federal constitution, which gave states and municipalities the rights to create their own symbols.
In the last years of the Empire of Brazil, many propagandists of the Republic created different projects of a national flag to be adopted with the advent of the new regime. For most of them, it was necessary to destroy all the symbols that resembled the Monarchy and the monarchic institutions. On that context, the republican writer and journalist Júlio Ribeiro, founder and editor of the newspaper "O Rebate", published on his first edition of July 16, 1888, a series of critics to the imperial standard. There, he also exposes his own idea for the republican flag. According to him, his project:
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