Ghanian

Republic of Ghana
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Freedom and Justice"
Anthem:  God Bless Our Homeland Ghana
Capital	Accra 5°33′N 0°12′W / 5.550°N 0.200°W / 5.550; -0.200
Official languages	English
National languages	Asante Twi, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Ewe, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Fante, Akuapem Twi, Nzema, Wasa, Talensi, Frafra, Hausa
Ethnic groups (2010)	47.5% Akans (11.5 mln) 16.6% Dagbani / Mole (4 mln) 13.9% Ewe (2.9 mln) 7.4% Ga-Adangbe (1.8 mln) 5.7% Gurma (0.7 mln) 5.0% Fulani (0.5 mln) 3.7% Guan / Gonja (0.3 mln) 2.5% Gurunsi (0.1 mln) 1.1% Bissa / Mande (0.1 mln) 1.6% Other (0.1 mln)
Demonym	Ghanaian
Government	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
• President	Nana Akufo-Addo
• Vice-President	Mahamudu Bawumia
Legislature	Parliament
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Declared	6 March 1957
• Realm	6 March 1957 – 1 July 1960
• Republic	1 July 1960
• Current constitution	28 April 1992
Area
• Total	238,535 km2 (92,099 sq mi) (80th)
• Water (%)	4.61 (11,000 km2 / 4,247 mi2)
Population
• 2014 estimate	27,043,093 (45th)
• 2010 census	24,200,000
• Density	101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi) (103rd)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$131.498 billion (70th)
• Per capita	$4,650 (126th)
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$42.753 billion (69th)
• Per capita	$1,511 (126th)
Gini (2006)	42.8 medium
HDI (2015)	0.579 medium · 139th
Currency	Ghana cedi (GH₵) (GHS)
Time zone	GMT (UTC+0)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+233
ISO 3166 code	GH
Internet TLD	.gh

Coordinates: 7°49′N 1°03′W / 7.817°N 1.050°W / 7.817; -1.050

Ghana (/ˈɡɑːnə/), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a unitary presidential constitutional democracy, located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa. Spanning a land mass of 238,535 km², Ghana is bordered by the Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in the east and the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean in the south. Ghana means "Warrior King" in the Soninke language.

The first permanent state in the territory of present-day Ghana dates back to the 11th century. Numerous kingdoms and empires emerged over the centuries, of which the most powerful was the Kingdom of Ashanti. Beginning in the 15th century, numerous European powers contested the area for trading rights, with the British ultimately establishing control of the coast by the late 19th century. Following over a century of native resistance, Ghana's current borders were established by the 1900s as the British Gold Coast. On 6 March 1957, it became the first sub-Saharan African nation to become independent of European colonisation.