Hadhrami diaspora

Hadhrami people
الحضارم

Hadhrami immigrants in Surabaya, 1920
Regions with significant populations
Languages
Hadhrami Arabic, (Urdu or Tamil in South Asia, Malay and Indonesian in Southeast Asia, Swahili in East Africa)
Religion
Islam (Sunni, Shafi'i, Sufi Islam), Judaism, Christian, Paganism
Related ethnic groups
Arab people, Arab Singaporean, Arab Malaysians, Arab Indonesians, Chaush, Arabs in India, Sri Lankan Moors, Hyderabadi Muslims

The Hadhrami (Arabic: حضرمي‎‎, sing.) or Hadharem (Arabic: الحضارم‎‎, pl.) are people inhabiting the Hadhramaut region in Yemen and their descendants in diaspora communities around the world. They speak Hadhrami Arabic, which belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family.

Among the two million inhabitants of Hadhramaut, there are 1,300 distinct tribes.

The Hadharem have a long seafaring and trading tradition. Hadhrami seamen have navigated in large numbers all around the Indian Ocean basin, from the Horn of Africa to the Swahili Coast to the Malabar Coast and Hyderabad in South India, Sri Lanka to Maritime Southeast Asia. They were involved in many places as organizers of the Haj.

There are Hadharem communities in the trading ports of the Arab States of the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea. The money changers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia have usually been of Hadhrami origin.

The Hadhrami have long had a notable presence in the Horn region (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia). Hadhrami settlers were instrumental in helping to consolidate the Muslim community in the coastal Benadir province of Somalia, in particular. During the colonial period, disgruntled Hadhrami from the tribal wars additionally settled in various Somalian towns. They were also frequently recruited into the armies of the .