Hyojong of Joseon
| Yi Ho | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King of Joseon | |||||||||
| Reign | 1649–1659 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Injo of Joseon | ||||||||
| Successor | Hyeonjong of Joseon | ||||||||
| Born | 3 July 1619 Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon |
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| Died |
23 June 1659 (aged 39) Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon |
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| Consort | Queen Inseon | ||||||||
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| House | Jeonju Yi | ||||||||
| Father | Injo of Joseon | ||||||||
| Mother | Queen Inryeol | ||||||||
| Posthumous name | |
|---|---|
| King Hyojong Heumcheon Daldo Gwanggok Hongyeol Seonmun Jangmu Sinseong Hyeonin Myeongeui Jeongdeok the Great of Korea 효종흠천달도광곡홍열선문장무신성현인명의정덕대왕 孝宗欽天達道光穀弘烈宣文章武神聖顯仁明義正德大王 |
|
| Temple name | |
| Hyojong |
| Hyojong of Joseon | |
| Hangul | 효종 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 孝宗 |
| Revised Romanization | Hyojong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Hyojong |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 이호 |
| Hanja | 李淏 |
| Revised Romanization | Yi Ho |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yi Ho |
Hyojong of Joseon (3 July 1619 – 23 June 1659) was the seventeenth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1649 to 1659. He is best known for his plan for expedition to Manchu Qing dynasty and his campaigns against the Russian Empire by the request of Qing dynasty. His plan for the northern expedition was never put into action since he died before the campaign started.
King Hyojong was born in 1619 as the second son of King Injo, while his father was still a prince. In 1623, when the Westerners faction (西人) launched a coup that removed then-ruling Gwanghaegun and crowned Injo, Hyojong was called to the palace along with his father and given the title Bongrimdaegun (Grand Prince Bongrim) in 1626.
In 1627, King Injo's hard-line diplomatic policy brought war between Korea and Manchus. Later, in 1636, the Manchus (Qing dynasty) defeated Joseon, and King Injo pledged his loyalty to the Qing emperor at Samjeondo, bowing down at Hong Taiji's feet nine times. There, Injo and Hong Taiji signed a treaty, which included that Manchus would take Crown Prince Sohyeon, Injo's oldest son, and Hyojong to China as captive.
During his exile in China, Hyojong mostly tried to defend his older brother from the threats of the Qing dynasty. Hong Taiji and his Manchu forces were still at war against the Chinese Ming dynasty and also engaged in battle with the Mongols and Chinese Muslims; and many times, the Qing emperor requested Prince Sohyeon to go to the battlefield and help command troops against the Manchus' enemies. However, Hyojong was worried about his brother because he was the official heir to the throne of Joseon and had no military experience. He went on to fight the Chinese in his brother's place, and he also followed Sohyeon to battles against the Uyghurs and Muslims on the western front.
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Wikipedia