Inkerman
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Inkerman Інкерман Инкерман İnkerman |
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 Inkerman
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| Coordinates: 44°36′0″N 33°36′0″E / 44.60000°N 33.60000°ECoordinates: 44°36′0″N 33°36′0″E / 44.60000°N 33.60000°E | |||
| Country | Disputed: | ||
| Region | Sevastopol | ||
| Elevation | 50 m (160 ft) | ||
| Population | |||
| • Total | 10,348 | ||
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+4) | ||
| Postal code | 299703 — 299709 | ||
| Area code | 8692 | ||
| Former names | Kalamita (until 1475), Belokamensk (1976 — 1991) | ||
Inkerman (Ukrainian: Інкерман, Russian: Инкерман, Crimean Tatar: İnkerman) is a city in the Crimean peninsula, currently subject to a territorial dispute between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. It is situated 5 kilometres east of Sevastopol, at the mouth of the Chernaya River that flows into Sevastopol Inlet (aka the North Inlet). Administratively, Inkerman is subordinate to the municipality of Sevastopol which does not constitute part of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Population: 10,348 (2014 Census).
Inkerman is said to mean a "cave fortress" in Turkish. During the Soviet era (1976–1991) it was known as Bilokamiansk (Ukrainian: Білокам'янськ) or Belokamensk (Russian: Белокаменск), which literally means "White Stone City", as a reference to the soft white stone quarried in the area and commonly used for construction, but since then it has regained its pre-Soviet name.
The area has been inhabited since ancient times. The cave monastery of St. Clement was founded near Inkerman in the 8th century by Byzantine icon-venerators fleeing persecution in their homeland. The monastery was closed during the Soviet era and several of its churches destroyed but is now in restoration and brought back into use.
Kalamita (Greek: Καλαμίτα) was a medieval fortress built in the 8th-9th century on a strategic cliff overlooking the estuary and later expanded in the 14th century. In 1475 Kalamita was taken by the Turks and named Inkerman. After the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca in 1774 the fortress was abandoned and fell into ruin, but a small settlement at the base of the cliff remained.
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