Intracellular antibody-mediated proteolysis

Intracellular antibody-mediated degradation (IAMD) is a neutralization mechanism of intracellular antibody-mediated immunity whereby an effector protein, TRIM21, directs antibody bound virions to the proteasome where they are degraded. As yet, it has only been observed to act against the adenovirus but is likely to also be effective against other non-enveloped viruses.

In IAMD, the neutralization of the pathogen follows a non-cytotoxic mechanism. That is, the infected cell is not attacked as in Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, instead the virions are rapidly destroyed and the cell may be relieved of infection.

There are a number of reasons why IAMD is so resistant to evasion by mutants through evolution:

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