Jacupiranga State Park
| Jacupiranga State Park | |
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| Parque Estadual de Jacupiranga | |
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IUCN category II (national park)
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Quilombola in Quilombos de Barra do Turvo Sustainable Development Reserve, formerly in the park
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| Location | São Paulo, Brazil |
| Coordinates | 24°52′9″S 48°21′0″W / 24.86917°S 48.35000°WCoordinates: 24°52′9″S 48°21′0″W / 24.86917°S 48.35000°W |
| Area | 150,000 hectares |
| Designation | State park |
| Created | 8 August 1969 |
The Jacupiranga State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual de Jacupiranga) was a state park in São Paulo, Brazil. It covered a large, mountainous region that included untouched Atlantic Forest and land occupied by traditional communities. When the park was created in 1969 the residents could no longer legally practice sustainable farming and extraction of forest resources, leading to land use conflicts, which mounted as the BR-116 highway opened the park to squatters from elsewhere. Eventually, in 2008 the park was combined with surrounding territory and broken up into three smaller state parks and various other units in which sustainable development was allowed.
The Jacupiranga State Park was divided between the municipalities of Barra do Turvo, Cajati, Cananéia, Eldorado, Iporanga and Jacupiranga, in the Vale do Ribeira region of the, south of the State of São Paulo. Most of the park was in the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. It had an area of about 150,000 hectares (370,000 acres). Altitudes ranged from 10 to 1,310 metres (33 to 4,298 ft), with most of the land at between 700 to 900 metres (2,300 to 3,000 ft). A few isolated peaks in the Serra do Mar reached greater altitudes. The region contains a large number of medium-sized caves, and the park held six caves with tourist potential. The Caverna do Diabo is a major tourist attraction. The area also contains archaeological sites such as sambaquis.
The area contains large tracts of Atlantic Forest. Vegetation includes dense rainforest, dense rainforest with limestone outcrops, restinga forest and sandy restinga. The forest was not continuous, and was subject to intense pressures from residents around and within the park. It was cut by several roads and highways, the largest being the Regis Bittencourt Highway (BR-116). Most of the communities in the park were established when this highway was opened, Others were traditional communities such as quilombolas and caiçaras.
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Wikipedia