Janowska concentration camp
| Janowska concentration camp | |
|---|---|
| Concentration camp | |
Sonderkommando 1005 next to a bone crushing machine during liquidation of genocide evidence in the Janowska concentration camp
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 Location of Janowska camp in modern Ukraine
 Janowska
south of the Belzec death camp |
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| Coordinates | 49°51′15″N 23°59′24″E / 49.85417°N 23.99000°ECoordinates: 49°51′15″N 23°59′24″E / 49.85417°N 23.99000°E |
| Location | Lwów, occupied Poland (today Lviv, Ukraine) |
| Operated by | Schutzstaffel (SS) |
| Original use | Civilian internment camp |
| Operational | September 1941 – November 1943 |
| Inmates | Jews |
| Number of inmates | 100,000 |
| Liberated by | The Red Army |
| Website | Janowska – Lvov |
Janowska concentration camp (Polish: Janowska, Russian: Янов or "Yanov", Ukrainian: Янівський табір) was a Nazi German labor, transit and extermination camp established in September 1941 in occupied Poland on the outskirts of Lwów (Second Polish Republic, today Lviv in Ukraine). The camp was labeled Janowska after the nearby street ulica Janowska in Lwów, renamed Shevchenka (Ukrainian: Шевченка) after the city was ceded to the Ukrainian SSR. The camp was liquidated in November 1943. The Extraordinary State Commission notorious for exaggerating the Soviet losses after World War II claimed that up to 200,000 victims perished there; according to Soviet prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials, Janowska was an extermination camp. Nevertheless, modern estimates put the total number of prisoners who passed through Janowska at over 100,000.
After the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II, the city of Lwów in the Second Polish Republic (now Lviv, Ukraine) was occupied in September 1939 by the Soviet Union under the terms of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact. At that time, there were over 330,000 Jews residing in Lwów, including over 90,000 Jewish children and infants. Over 150,000 of them were refugees from the German-occupied western part of the Poland. In June 1941, the German Army took over Lwów in the course of the initially successful attack on the Soviet positions in eastern Poland, known as Operation Barbarossa. Almost no Jews of Lwów were alive at the end of the war, many being horrifically tormented and tortured before they were murdered.
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