Jefferson County, Arkansas
| Jefferson County, Arkansas | |
|---|---|
| County | |
| County of Jefferson | |
Jefferson County Courthouse, Pine Bluff
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 Location in the U.S. state of Arkansas |
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 Arkansas's location in the U.S. |
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| Founded | November 2, 1829 |
| Named for | Thomas Jefferson |
| Government • County Judge |
Henry Wilkins IV (D) |
| Seat | Pine Bluff |
| Largest city | Pine Bluff |
| Area | |
| • Total | 914 sq mi (2,367 km2) |
| • Land | 871 sq mi (2,256 km2) |
| • Water | 43 sq mi (111 km2), 4.7% |
| Population (est.) | |
| • (2015) | 71,565 |
| • Density | 89/sq mi (34/km²) |
| ZIP code(s) | 71601, 71602, 71603, 71644, 71659, 72004, 72046, 72073, 72079, 72132, 72150, 72152, 72160, 72168, 72175 |
| Area code(s) | 501, 870 |
| Congressional districts | 1st, 4th |
| Time zone | Central: UTC-6/-5 |
| Website | jeffersoncounty |
Jefferson County, Arkansas is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas in the area known as the Arkansas Delta, that extends west of the Mississippi River. As of the 2010 census, the population was 77,435. Its county seat and largest city is Pine Bluff. Jefferson County is Arkansas's 21st county, formed on November 2, 1829, from portions of Arkansas and Pulaski counties, and named for Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States. Jefferson County is included in the Pine Bluff, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is bisected by the Arkansas River, which was critical to its development and long the chief transportation byway.
The area that would later become Jefferson County was occupied by the Quapaw when French explorers established the Arkansas Post in the 17th century; the foreigners claimed this area as Louisiana, part of New France.
In March 1819, Robert Crittenden was appointed secretary of Arkansas Territory. That same year, Joseph Bonne, traveling upstream on the Arkansas River from Arkansas Post, built a cabin on a “high bluff covered with pine trees” on the river’s south bank. Several years later, James Scull, also from Arkansas Post, established a tavern and small inn on the river's north bank, across from what would become the site of Pine Bluff.
Five years later, Crittenden convinced the remaining Quapaw to sign the November 15, 1824 treaty relinquishing what remained of their tribal lands.Steamboat travel led to expanding settlement, "bringing to the area such men as French-born Napoleonic soldier Antoine Barraque (Pine Bluff’s principal east-west street was named for him) and brothers James T. and John Pullen (main thoroughfares were named for them)."
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Wikipedia