Joint Operation Arvand

Joint Operation Arvand
Part of the Persian Gulf Conflict and the Cold War
Location of the conflict
Date 22–25 April 1969 Location Arvand Rud, Iran–Iraq border Result Iranian victory Iran established control over Arvand Rud Iraq expelled thousands of Iranian residents and pilgrims from its soil Iraq banned import of Iranian goods Iraq began supporting Iranian separatists in Khuzestan and Balochistan Tensions continued between the two countries until 1975 Algiers Agreement
Belligerents
Iran	Iraq
Commanders and leaders
Mohammad Reza	Hassan al-Bakr
Units involved
Imperial Iranian Navy Imperial Iranian Air Force Imperial Iranian Army	Iraqi Navy Iraqi Ground Forces
Strength
2 navy ships and a squadron of F4 Phantom	Thousands of troops
Casualties and losses
None	None

Iranian victory

The Joint Operation Arvand (Persian: عملیات مشترک اروند‎‎, more known by its Persian acronym AMA, عما) was a show of force operation orchestrated in April 1969 by the Imperial Iranian Armed Forces following Iraqi claim for the sovereign right to Shatt al-Arab/Arvand Rud and threatening to block passage of vessels unless they fly Iraqi flag.

On 22 April 1969, Iranian merchant ship Ebn-e-Sina, carrying a cargo of steel beams and flying Iranian flag, was escorted by Iranian heavily armed naval vessels, as well as jet fighters and proceeded through the river into the Persian Gulf, in a 80-mile journey which took about six hours. However, the Iraqi forces did not attempt to respond as it pledged.

Both countries strengthened their land forces along the river bank, stationing artillery, tanks and anti-aircraft weapons. Iranian troops were positioned in the vicinity of Khorramshahr and Abadan, while Iraq put its forces in Basra on alert.

Iranian freighter Arya Far passed through the river escorted by four gunboats three days later, with no disturbance.

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Wikipedia