Karenia papilionacea

Karenia papilionacea
Scientific classification
(unranked):	SAR
Phylum:	Dinoflagellata
Class:	Dinophyceae
Order:	Gymnodiniales
Family:	Kareniaceae
Genus:	Karenia
Species:	K. papilionacea
Binomial name
Karenia papilionacea Haywood et al., 2004

Karenia papilionacea is a species from the genus Karenia, which are dinoflagellates. It was first discovered in New Zealand.

Common to the Karenia genus, this species shares morphological characters such as a smooth theca and a linear apical groove on its apex. At the same time, this species can be distinguished from its cogenerates on the basis of morphological characteristics within its , including the location and shape of its nucleus; the excavation of its ; the characteristics of its apical and sulcal groove extensions on the epitheca; the shape of its cells, as well as their size and symmetry; the degree of dorsoventral compression; and the presence of an apical .

Species that present said dorsoventral compression are shown to swim in a distinctive fluttering motion.

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of rDNA indicates Karenia papilionacea, together with K. selliformis and K. bicuneiformis, is closely related to K. mikimotoi and K. brevis.

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