Lu Haodong
| Lu Haodong | |
|---|---|
Lu Haodong in his younger days
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| Born |
Lu Zhonggui 30 September 1868 Shanghai, China |
| Died | 7 November 1895 (aged 27) Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, China |
| Other names | Xianxiang (courtesy name) |
| Lu Haodong | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陸皓東 | ||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 陆皓东 | ||||||||
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| Lu Zhonggui (birth name) | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陸中桂 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 陆中桂 | ||||||||
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| Xianxiang (courtesy name) | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 獻香 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 献香 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Lù Hàodōng |
| Wade–Giles | Lu Hao-tung |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Lù Zhōngguì |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xiànxiāng |
| Wade–Giles | Hsien-hsiang |
Lu Zhonggui (30 September 1868 – 7 November 1895), courtesy name Xianxiang, better known as Lu Haodong, was a Chinese revolutionary who lived in the late Qing dynasty. He is best known for designing the Blue Sky with a White Sun flag that became the party flag and emblem of the Kuomintang (KMT; Chinese Nationalist Party), and the canton of the flag of the Republic of China.
Lu was born in Shanghai but his ancestral home was in Xiangshan County, Guangdong. He was a friend of Sun Yat-sen and was involved in activities targeted at overthrowing the Qing dynasty and establishing a republic in China. In 1895, Lu co-founded the Revive China Society in Hong Kong with Sun Yat-sen. In October 1895, they planned to stage an uprising in Guangzhou, but the Qing government got wind of their plan. On 26 October, Lu was preparing to escape from Guangzhou, but decided to return to their base of operations in a church in present-day Beijinglu, Yuexiu District to destroy a roster containing the names of the revolutionaries and other important documents. He could not escape in time and was arrested along with other revolutionaries by the Qing government.
Lu was taken to the yamen in Nanhai County (present-day Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong) for interrogation by the county magistrate Li Zhengyong (李徵庸), who was acting under instructions from Tan Zhonglin (譚鍾麟), the Viceroy of Liangguang. When he refused to kneel down before Li during questioning, the magistrate said, "You are a talented young man. Why did you want to get yourself in trouble that would cost you your life? I feel sorry for you that you don't value your life." Lu replied sternly, "China is a vast country and it has the highest population in the world. Poverty is at an extreme because the Qing government is authoritarian and incompetent in foreign policy. My comrades and I planned an uprising with the aim of overthrowing the Qing government and replacing it with a new republican government. I intended to kill one or two persons like you who serve the Qing government. Now that our plan has failed, I can't kill you but you can kill me. What's there to feel sorry about?"
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Wikipedia