Morgan Kavanagh

Morgan Kavanagh (c. 1799 – 1874) was an Irish poet, novelist, and author of works on philology. After leaving Ireland at the age of about 25 he lived in both London and Paris and never returned to Ireland. He was the father of the writer Julia Kavanagh. His life was devoted to language, both through his writings and his teaching. His theories concerning the origin of language were often controversial. Kavanagh died in London in 1874.

Morgan Kavanagh was born in Dublin, Ireland. He initially used the middle name Peter but later dropped it, saying "I have dropped the name of Peter on learning that it was not strictly legal, it being only a name which I adopted when confirmed."

Morgan left Ireland for London in 1824, accompanied by his wife, Bridget, and their infant daughter, Julia. His motive for this move was to seek a publisher for a poetical work entitled The Wanderings of Lucan and Dinah. This work, his first, was published in London through the generosity of an anonymous benefactor. For most of the following 20 years Morgan and his family lived in Paris where he taught English language and literature. One of his pupils was Le Comte d'Ormesson.During this period he was awarded several grants by the Royal Literary Fund. Kavanagh published a second poetical work, The Reign of Lockrin, in 1839.

In 1844 Kavanagh published in London his first work on philology, The Discovery of the Science of Languages. A French edition was also published in Paris. This work postulated the origin of speech in prehistoric "mime" (today we might call it sign language). This was followed over the next 27 years by further publications of a similar nature. These works on philology were uniformly condemned by the academic establishment. For example, Thompson Cooper a near contemporary writing in the Dictionary of National Biography dismissed The Discovery as a "ridiculous work". During this period Morgan submitted several works in competition for the Prix Volney but he was unsuccessful on each occasion. Although Kavanagh was clearly repudiated by his contemporaries, a more recent analysis suggests that his ideas might have had some merit.

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