Neelie Kroes
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Her Excellency Neelie Kroes |
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|---|---|
Neelie Kroes in 2010
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| European Commissioner for Digital Agenda | |
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In office 9 February 2010 – 1 November 2014 |
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| President | José Manuel Barroso |
| Preceded by |
Viviane Reding (Information Society and Media) |
| Succeeded by |
Günther Oettinger (Digital Economy and Society) Andrus Ansip (Digital Single Market) |
| European Commissioner for Competition | |
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In office 22 November 2004 – 9 February 2010 |
|
| President | José Manuel Barroso |
| Preceded by | Mario Monti |
| Succeeded by | Joaquín Almunia |
| Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management of the Netherlands | |
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In office 4 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 |
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| Prime Minister | Ruud Lubbers |
| Preceded by | Henk Zeevalking |
| Succeeded by | Hanja Maij-Weggen |
| Undersecretary for Transport, Public Works and Water Management of the Netherlands | |
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In office 28 December 1977 – 11 September 1981 |
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| Prime Minister | Dries van Agt |
| Preceded by | Michel van Hulten |
| Succeeded by | Jaap van der Doef |
| Member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands | |
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In office 3 June 1986 – 14 July 1986 |
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In office 25 August 1981 – 4 November 1982 |
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In office 3 August 1971 – 28 December 1977 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
Neelie Kroes 19 July 1941 Rotterdam, Netherlands |
| Nationality | Dutch |
| Political party | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy |
| Spouse(s) |
Wouter Jan Smit (m. 1965; div. 1991) Bram Peper (m. 1991; div. 2003) |
| Residence | Wassenaar, Netherlands |
| Alma mater |
Erasmus University Rotterdam (Bachelor of Economics, Master of Economics) |
| Occupation |
Politician Corporate director Financial adviser |
| Religion |
Reformed (until 2004) Protestantism (from 2004) |
Neelie Kroes (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈneːli ˈkrus]; born 19 July 1941) is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).
Kroes a corporate director by occupation, was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives on 3 August 1971 after the Dutch general election of 1971. After the Dutch general election of 1977 a coalition agreement with the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy resulted in the formation of the Cabinet Van Agt-Wiegel with Kroes becoming Undersecretary for Transport, Public Works and Water Management taking office on 28 December 1977. After the Dutch general election of 1981 she returned as a Member of the House of Representatives on 25 August 1981. After the Dutch general election of 1982 a coalition agreement with the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy resulted in the formation of the Cabinet Lubbers I with Kroes becoming Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management taking office on 4 November 1982. Kroes remained Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management in the Cabinet Lubbers II following the Dutch general election of 1986. Kroes semi-retired from active politics and became Chancellor of the Nyenrode Business University serving from 1 June 1991 until 1 September 2000. In 2004 Kroes was selected as European Commissioner for Competition in the First Barroso Commission taking office on 22 November 2004. On 9 February 2010 she became European Commissioner for Digital Agenda and a Vice President in the Second Barroso Commission serving until 1 November 2014.
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