Osman II
| Osman II | |||||
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| Caliph of Islam Amir al-Mu'minin Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques |
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| 16th Ottoman Sultan (Emperor) | |||||
| Reign | 26 February 1618 – 20 May 1622 | ||||
| Predecessor | Mustafa I | ||||
| Successor | Mustafa I | ||||
| Born |
November 3, 1604 Topkapi Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire |
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| Died | May 20, 1622 (aged 17) Yedikule Fortress, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire |
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| Consorts |
Ayşe Sultan Akile Hatun |
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| Issue |
Şehzade Ömer Zeynep Sultan Şehzâde Mustafa |
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| Dynasty | House of Osman | ||||
| Father | Ahmed I | ||||
| Mother | Mahfiruz Hatun | ||||
| Tughra |  |
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| Full name | |
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| Osman bin Ahmed |
Osman II (Ottoman Turkish: عثمان ثانى ‘Osmān-i sānī; November 3, 1604 – May 20, 1622), commonly known in Turkey as Genç Osman ("Osman the Young" in English), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1618 until his death by regicide on 20 May 1622.
Osman II was born at Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, the son of Sultan Ahmed I (1603–17) and his first wife Mahfiruz Hatun, according to some sources either a Greek or Evdoksiya, a Serbian. According to later traditions, at a young age, his mother had paid a great deal of attention to Osman's education, as a result of which Osman II became a known poet and would have mastered many languages, including Arabic, Persian, Greek, Latin, and Italian; this has been refuted since.
Osman's failure to capture the throne at the death of his father Ahmed may have been caused by the absence of a mother to lobby in his favor,his own mother probably already dead or in exile.
He ascended the throne at the early age of 14 as the result of a coup d'état against his uncle Mustafa I "the Intestable" (1617–18, 1622–23). Despite his youth, Osman II soon sought to assert himself as a ruler, and after securing the empire's eastern border by signing a peace treaty (Treaty of Serav) with Safavid Persia, he personally led the Ottoman invasion of Poland during the Moldavian Magnate Wars. Forced to sign a peace treaty with the Poles after the Battle of Chotin (Chocim) (which was, in fact, a siege of Chotin defended by the Lithuanian–Polish hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz) in September–October, 1621, Osman II returned home to Constantinople in shame, blaming the cowardice of the Janissaries and the insufficiency of his statesmen for his humiliation.
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Wikipedia