Pancerny

Towarzysz pancerny ("mailed companion"; plural: towarzysze pancerni, or pancerni) was a medium-cavalryman in 16th to 18th century Poland, named for his chainmail armor ("pancerz"). These units were the second-most-important cavalry arm in the Polish army, after the hussars.

Most pancerni were recruited from the middle or lower classes or szlachta (nobility). They were organized into companies, with each company (Polish: chorągiew) consisting of 60 to 200 horsemen. They used chainmail or bechter armour for upper body, karwasze somethimes with gauntlets, secrete (helm) (rarely Szyszak helmet), buckler shields, polish szabla, reflex bow, gunpowder weapons such as: flintlock pistols, aquebus or muskets and early carabine. Somethimes optionally they used nadziak, Rohatyna or Kopia. During rule of King John Third Sobieski polearms became necessety.

In the medieval times, during the rule of Mieszko I and Bolesław I Chrobry, pancerni were members of the prince's own force, and they alone in the whole army wore mail armour, however they used weapons equvilent to their times. Meaning: arming swords, axe, spear, shields, and strait bow. They also wore nasal helmets.

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