Panini (primates)
| Chimpanzees Temporal range: Middle Pliocene – present |
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| Common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) (left) and bonobo (Pan paniscus) (right) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Family: | Hominidae |
| Subtribe: | Panina |
| Genus: |
Pan Oken, 1816 |
| Type species | |
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Pan troglodytes Blumenbach, 1775 |
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| Species | |
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| Distribution of Pan troglodytes (common chimpanzee) and Pan paniscus (bonobo, in red) | |
| Synonyms | |
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Troglodytes E. Geoffroy, 1812 (preoccupied) |
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Troglodytes E. Geoffroy, 1812 (preoccupied)
Mimetes Leach, 1820 (preoccupied)
Theranthropus Brookes, 1828
Chimpansee Voight, 1831
Anthropopithecus Blainville, 1838
Hylanthropus Gloger, 1841
Pseudanthropus Reichenbach, 1862
Engeco Haeckel, 1866
Fsihego DePauw, 1905
The taxonomical genus Pan (often referred to as chimpanzees or chimps) consists of two extant species: the common chimpanzee and the bonobo. Together with humans, gorillas, and orangutans they are part of the family Hominidae (the great apes). Native to sub-Saharan Africa, common chimpanzees and bonobos are currently both found in the Congo jungle, while only the common chimpanzee is also found further north in West Africa. The two species are on the IUCN "red list" of critically endangered species and in 2017 the Convention on Migratory Species, which was held in The Philippines, selected the common chimpanzee for special protection.
They were once considered to be one species; but since 1928 they have been recognized as two distinct species: the common chimpanzee (P. troglodytes) who live north of the Congo River, and the bonobo (P. paniscus) who live south of it. In addition, P. troglodytes is divided into four subspecies, while P. paniscus has none. Based on genome sequencing, the two extant Pan species diverged around one million years ago. The most obvious differences are that chimpanzees are somewhat larger, more aggressive and male-dominated, while the bonobos are more gracile, peaceful, and female-dominated.
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