Parkia javanica
| Parkia javanica | |
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| Fruit of Parkia javanica | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Caesalpinioideae |
| (unranked): | Mimosoid clade |
| Genus: | Parkia |
| Species: | P. javanica |
| Binomial name | |
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Parkia javanica Lam. |
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| Synonyms | |
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Parkia javanica Lam., syn. Parkia roxburghii G. Don. (Indonesian: Kedaung, Javanese: Kedhawung, Filipino: Cupang) is a plant of the genus Parkia in the family Mimosaceae.Description-
Plant- A middle-sized unarmed tree (up to 30 m) with spreading branches, twig brown, pubescent.
Leaves- Alternate, compound, bipinnate, petiolate, petiole long with gland below and lower pair of pinnae and a few between the upper pinna; pinna 8-30 pairs, opposite; leaflets 40–80 pairs close set, sessile, linear-oblong, fulcate (sickle or scythe shaped), truncate at the base (as it cut off by a straight tranverse line; blunt) ; stipulate, leaf base frequently swollen forming pulvinus.
Inflorescence- Racemose in dense clavate, long peduncled heads with sterile flowers lower down, peduncle 30-40 cm long; receptacle of the inflorescence narrowed into 2.5–3 cm long stalk.
Flower- Small, bractate, bracts spathulate, silky pubescent outside; complete, bisexual, regular, actinomorphic, hypogynus, pentamerous, thallamus slightly cup shaped, pale yellow.
Calyx- Sepals 5, gamosepalous, tubular,tube short and cylindrical, glabrous, 5 cleft, lobes pilose, imbricate (though the sepals of Mimosaceae are valvate, the only exception is Parkia in which sepals are imbricate.)
Corolla- Petals 5, polypetalous, connate below into a short tube, cleft halfway down, pale yellow, valvate.
Androecium- Stamen 10, monadelphous, filaments filliform and united in the lower part with each other, exserted; anthers narrow, without apical glands, versatile.
Gynoecium- Pistil monocarpellary, ovary free from the hypantheum, superior, 1 chambered, many ovules along with the ventral sutter, placentation marginal; style one, filliform ; stigma one, minute, capitate.
Fruit- Linear subsucculant pod, fiat, strap-shaped, 25–50* 3.5–4 cm; glabrous; top rounded, base narrowed into a long pedicel.
Flowering time- October–December.
Fruiting time- December–April.
Distribution- India to Taimur.
Occurrence- Throughout Tripura ; scarce
Identification-
Genus- Parkia
I) Stamens 10.
II) Flowers in heads.
III) Flowers without apical glands.
IV) Unarmed mid-sized trees.
V) Monadelphous; Flowers pale yellow.
Vernacular name-
Manipuri- Zongchak/Yongchak ; Bishnupriya Manipuri- Longchak ; Bengali- Longchak ; Tripuri- Sopota/ Kukitetoi ; Mizo- Zwangtah ; Indonesian: Kedaung, Javanese: Kedhawung, Filipino: Cupang ; Chinese- Qui hua dou ( Taiwan) ; Burmese- Mai-karien ; Malaysia- Kedung ; Thai- Reang/Karieng.
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