Pentazenium
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| Other names
Pentanitrogen cation
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3D model (Jmol)
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| Properties | |
| N+ 5 |
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| Molar mass | 70.0335 g/mol |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is   ?) |
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The pentazenium cation (also known as pentanitrogen) is a positively charged polynitrogen ion of the chemical formula N+
5. Together with dinitrogen, solid nitrogen polymers and the azide anion, it is one of the only three polynitrogen species obtained in bulk quantities.
Within the High Energy Density Matter research program, run by the U.S. Air Force since 1986, systematic attempts to approach polynitrogen compounds began in 1998, when Air Force Research Laboratory at Edwards AFB became interested in researching alternatives to the highly toxic hydrazine-based rocket fuel and simultaneously funded several such proposals. Karl O. Christe, then, a senior investigator at AFRL, chose to attempt building linear N+
5 out of N
2F+
and N−
3, based on the proposed bond structure:
The reaction succeeded, and N+
5AsF−
6 was created in sufficient quantities to be fully characterized by NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy in 1999. The salt was highly explosive, but when AsF
5 was replaced by SbF
5, a stronger Lewis acid, much more stable N+
5SbF−
6 was produced, shock-resistant and thermally stable up to 60–70 °C. This made bulk quantities, easy handling, and X-ray crystal structure analysis possible.
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