Perilla frutescens var. crispa
| Shiso | |
|---|---|
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| Red shiso | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Genus: | Perilla |
| Species: | P. frutescens |
| Variety: | P. f. var. crispa |
| Trinomial name | |
| Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Thunb.) H.Deane |
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| Synonyms | |
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Perilla frutescens var. crispa, also called shiso (/ˈʃiːsoʊ/, from Japanese シソ) is a variety of species Perilla frutescens of the genus Perilla, belonging to the mint family, Lamiaceae. Shiso is a perennial plant that may be cultivated as an annual in temperate climates. The plant occurs in red (purple-leaved) and green-leaved forms. There are also frilly, ruffled-leaved forms called chirimen-jiso and forms that are red only on top, called katamen-jiso.
This herb was previously known as the "beefsteak plant", a mostly obsolete name. It is also sometimes referred to by its genus name "perilla", which is ambiguous, as it is also inclusive of the Perilla frutescens, which is a different culinary cultigen.
In Japan, it is called shiso (紫蘇/シソ; [ɕiso̞]). In Vietnam, the plant is called tía tô ([tiɜ˧ˀ˦ to˧˧]). The Japanese name shiso and the Vietnamese tía tô are cognates, both a loan word from zǐsū (紫苏/紫蘇), which means Perilla frutescens in Chinese. (Perilla frutescens var. crispa is called huíhuísū (回回苏/回回蘇) in Chinese.) The first character 紫 means "purple", and the second 蘇 means "to be resurrected, revived, rehabilitated". Traditionally in Japan shiso denoted the purple-red form. In recent years green is considered typical, and red considered atypical.
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