Princess Mathilde of Saxony, Duchess of Saxony (German: Mathilde Maria Josepha Anna Xaveria, Prinzessin von Sachsen, Herzogin zu Sachsen; born 17 January 1936 in Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany) is a Princess of Saxony and member of the House of Wettin by birth and a Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as consort to Prince Johannes Heinrich of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Mathilde is the fifth and youngest child of Friedrich Christian, Margrave of Meissen and his wife, Princess Elisabeth Helene of Thurn and Taxis, and a younger sister of Maria Emanuel, Margrave of Meissen, the late head of the Royal House of Saxony and senior claimant to the defunct throne of the Kingdom of Saxony.

Mathilde married Prince Johannes Heinrich of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, eldest son of Prince Rainer of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his first wife Johanna Károlyi de Károly-Patty, civilly in Munich on 15 October 1968 and religiously at Andechs Abbey on 12 November 1968. Mathilde and Johannes Heinrich divorced in 1993. The couple had one son: