Pyramid of Athribis
| Pyramid of Athribis | |
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The Pyramid of Athribis.
Engraving from Description de l'Egypte (1823) |
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| Location | Egypt 
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| Coordinates | 30°28′14″N 31°11′17″E / 30.47056°N 31.18806°ECoordinates: 30°28′14″N 31°11′17″E / 30.47056°N 31.18806°E |
| Type | Mud-brick Pyramid |
| Material | mudbrick |
| Height | less than 16 m |
| Base | ~ 20 m |
| Slope | ~ 50° |
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Location of Athribis in Egypt |
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 Location of Athribis in Egypt
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The Pyramid of Athribis was a small mudbrick pyramid, which was located at Athribis (Tell Atrib) in the southern Nile Delta, northeast of the modern city of Banha. It was located the furthest north of all the pyramids in ancient Egypt and the only known pyramid to have been built in the Delta.
The structure was first noted by scholarship during Napoleon's Egyptian Expedition (1798-1801). No real investigation was undertaken, however, aside from an engraving of the pyramid and a map of the ruins of Athribis which includes the pyramid, both of which were first published in the Description de l’Égypte in 1822. After that, for a long time, the pyramid was forgotten.
The pyramid was first relocated in 1938 by a team from Liverpool University led y Alan Rowe. In the meanwhile the superstructure had been almost entirely destroyed. Time constraints prevented Rowe from undertaking close investigation and as a result his report was extremely short and contained no information beyond what had already been reported by the French expedition.
The most recent attempt to locate the pyramid was undertaken in 1993 by the Polish Egyptologist Andrzej Ćwiek. By this time, however, Athribis had been almost entirely covered over by the modern city of Banha, the pyramid had been completely destroyed and its exact location could no longer be determined.
The dimensions of the pyramid were never exactly determined, so they can only be estimated from the information in the Description de l'Egypte. On the basis of mastabas appearing in the map, Ćwiek calculated that the pyramid measured about 20 metres on each side. He estimated that the incline was less than 50°. This would imply a height of less than 16 metres.
It is only possible to speculate about the age and purpose of the pyramid, owing to the extremely sparse datable material. The Egyptologist Nabil Swelim and the former director of the DAI in Cairo Rainer Stadelmann connect it with a group of seven small step pyramids (Elephantine, Edfu South, el-Kula, Naqada, Saujet el-Meitin, Seila and Sinki) which were built at the end of the 3rd Dynasty or the start of the 4th.
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Wikipedia