Pythium aphanidermatum
| Pythium aphanidermatum | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| (unranked): | SAR |
| Superphylum: | Heterokonta |
| Class: | Oomycetes |
| Order: | Peronosporales |
| Family: | Pythiaceae |
| Genus: | Pythium |
| Species: | P. aphanidermatum |
| Binomial name | |
|
Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp., (1923) |
|
| Synonyms | |
|
Nematosporangium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp., Mycologia 15: 168 (1923) |
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Nematosporangium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp., Mycologia 15: 168 (1923)
Rheosporangium aphanidermatum Edson, (1915)
Pythium aphanidermatum is a soil borneplant pathogen. Pythium is a genus in the class Oomycetes, which are also known as water molds. Oomycetes are not true fungi, as their cell walls are made of cellulose instead of chitin, they are diploid in their vegetative state, and they contain coenocytic hyphae (lacking crosswalls), called a protist. Also, they reproduce asexually with motile biflagelette zoospores that require water to move towards and infect a host. Sexually, they reproduce with structures called antheridia, oogonia, and oospores.
Pythium aphanidermatum has a wide host range, and can have an economic impact on the cultivation of soybeans,beets, peppers, chrysanthemum, cucurbits, cotton and turf-grasses, however, because P. aphanidermatum requires warmer temperatures, it is often seen in greenhouses and has a large impact in poinsettia production. It is a major cause of root rot in papaya production in subtropical areas. While this is almost exclusively a plant pathogen, there is one documented case of P. aphanidermatum infecting a human being injured in the Afghanistan conflict.
Pythium aphanidermatum is responsible for pre and post emergence damping off. Pre-emergence damping off is when the seed is infected prior to germination. This can result in poor or no germination, and is observable as a browning or rotting of the seed. Post emergence damping off takes place after germination and results in a thinning, water-soaked stem near the plant collar, which eventually causes the collapse of the plant.P. aphanidermatum can also cause root rot. Symptoms of root rot include stunted growth, chlorotic leaves, leaf drop, and wilting. The infection begins at the root tip, and can cause the infected region to lose its protective outer layer, exposing the inner root to other pathogens
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