Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas

Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas (大小和卓之亂)

Qing soldiers and Khoja rebels fighting at Yashilkul Lake, 1759

Date	1757-1759
Location	Modern day southwest Xinjiang, China、 Eastern Tajikistan Eastern Afghanistan
Result	Khoja defeat Territory integrated with Qing era China

Belligerents

Altishahr Khojas

Qing Army
Badakhshan

Commanders and leaders

Younger Khoja (Hojijan ())
Elder Khoja (Buranidun ())
阿卜都克勒木
阿卜都哈里克
哈三愛的爾
鄂斯滿
沙喇斯
瑪呼斯

Qianlong Emperor
Zhao Hui () (Manchu)
Ya'erha'shan () (Manchu)
Eminhezhuo (額敏和卓) (Uighur)
Yusufu (玉素富) (Uighur)
Namuzhalei () (Mongol)
Santai () (Han)
[[|富德 (瓜爾佳氏)]] () (Manchu)
Arigun () (Manchu)
Ming Rui (Manchu)

Strength

Hojijan () >10,000
Buranidun () >5,000

c. 200,000 in the later stages
(Khalkha Mongols, Dzungars, Eight Banners, Green Standard Army, Mongolian Eight Banners (), Hui Battalion (回營; Uygurs), Chahar Banner (), Solons, Kyrgyzs)

Casualties and losses

Unknown

The Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas was an uprising against the Qing dynasty government of China, which broke out in 1757 during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor. The rebels were led by the Younger Khoja Hojijan () (also known as Khwāja-i Jahān), leader of the White Mountain Sufis (). Qing era documents refer to the event as the "Pacification of the Muslim regions" (平定回部; Píngdìng Huíbù). Hojijan and his brother, the Elder Khoja Buranidun () (also known as Burhān al-Dīn), were members of the Central Asian Muslim Zhuo (卓) Clan.

After the Qing Pacification of Dzungaria () in 1755, the Khoja Brothers were released from Dzungar captivity whereupon they began to recruit followers in the Western Regions around Altishahr. Not long afterwards, the Khoit-Oirat prince Amursana rose up against the Qing and the Khoja Brothers used the opportunity to seize control of the south west part of Xinjiang.

In 1757, Hojijan killed the Qing Vice General () Amindao (阿敏道). Qianlong retaliated the following year by sending troops to locations including Kuqa County, Yarkant County (modern day Yarkant County) and Hotan (Hetian ()) to attack the Zhuo brothers. In 1759, the rebel army fled west through the Pamir Mountains to Badakhshan (now part of north east Afghanistan) where it was captured and destroyed by the ruling Sultan Shah, causing the revolt to subside.

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Wikipedia