Russian Democratic Federative Republic

Russian Democratic Federative Republic
Российская Демократическая Федеративная Республика Rossiyskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika
1918
De jure flag of Russia until 14 April 1918 Coat of arms of Russia until 10 July 1918
Russia between December 1917 and January 1918, after recognition of Finnish independence and before other declarations of independence.
Capital		Petrograd (now St Petersburg)
Languages		Russian
Government		Federal presidential constitutional republic
Chairman		Victor Chernov
Legislature		Russian Constituent Assemblya Bicameral parliamentb
•	Upper house	State Council
•	Lower house	State Duma
Historical era		Aftermath of World War I
•	Constituent Assembly election	25 November 1917
•	adopted	19 January 1918
•	Constituent Assembly dissolved	19 January 1918
Currency		Ruble
Preceded by Succeeded by Russian SFSR Russian SFSR
Today part of		Abkhazia  Armenia  Azerbaijan  Belarus  Estonia  Georgia  Kazakhstan  Kyrgyzstan  Latvia  Lithuania  Moldova  Nagorno-Karabakh Republic  Poland  Russia  South Ossetia  Tajikistan  Transnistria  Turkmenistan  Ukraine  Uzbekistan
a.	Provisional and constituent.
b.	Intended as permanent.

The Russian Democratic Federative Republic (Russian: Российская Демократическая Федеративная Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Demokraticheskaya Federativnaya Respublika) was a one-day government in 1918 in the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Russian SFSR) during the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was formally declared on 19 January 1918 when the democratically elected Russian Constituent Assembly drafted and adopted the "Resolution on the form of government of Russia", declaring Russia to be a democratic federal republic. However, the Assembly was dissolved on the same day by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, thus making the Republic the shortest-lived state in history.

According to the constitution, Russia was declared a democratic federal republic. The fundamental basis of the state was representative democracy and federation of both national and territorial autonomous oblasts. This was in contrast to the Decembrist constitution project, which proposed a federal constitutional monarchy on an economic basis. For the first time, the unitary structure of Russia was officially abolished and the country was declared a federation, marking the start of the federalist period in Russian history.

The Constitution granted universal suffrage for all citizens of Republic aged 20 or older. This was five years lower than in the former Russian Empire.