Russian submarine K-407 Novomoskovsk
| History | |
|---|---|
  Soviet Union, Russia
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| Name: | K-407 Novomoskovsk |
| Namesake: | Novomoskovsk, Russia |
| Builder: | Northern Engineering Plant (Sevmash) |
| Laid down: | 4 March 1988 |
| Launched: | 28 February 1990 |
| Completed: | 27 November 1990 |
| Commissioned: | 20 February 1992 |
| Homeport: | Olenya Bay, Skalisty Naval Base |
| Status: | in active service |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Delta-class submarine |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: | 167 m |
| Beam: | 11.7 m |
| Draft: | 8.8 m |
| Propulsion: | Two VM4-SG nuclear reactors |
| Speed: |
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| Endurance: | 80 days |
| Complement: | 135 officers and men |
| Armament: |
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Novomoskovsk (K-407) is a Project 667BDRM Delfin-class ballistic missile submarine (NATO reporting name "Delta-IV") of the Russian Navy's Northern Fleet.
Construction of the nuclear submarine K-407 Novomoskovsk began at the Northern Machinebuilding Enterprise (Sevmash) in Severodvinsk on February 2, 1987, and it became part of the Soviet Navy on November 27, 1990. She was the last of seven 667BDRM Delfin submarines and the last SSBN submarine built in the USSR. This class of submarines was developed at the Rubin Design Bureau in 1975 and is considered one of the most successful Soviet submarine missile carrier designs.
The submarine has a submerged displacement of 18,200 tons and a surface displacement of 11,700 tons. It is 167 m long and 11.7 m wide. It is powered by two nuclear reactors with a total power of 180 MW. The submarine’s immersion depth is 400 m; its surface speed is 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph), and its underwater speed is 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph). It carries a crew of 135. Armaments include a D-9RM missile system (16 RSM-54 ballistic missiles) and four 533-mm torpedo tubes.
The RSM-54 missile (3M37, R-29RM, or SS-N-23 according to the NATO classification) is a liquid-propellant, three-stage missile with separable heads (it carries four or ten warheads depending on the modification). It has a range of 8300 km, a hit accuracy of 500 m, and a launching mass of 40.3 tons. It is 14.8 m long and 1.9 m in diameter.
On 6 August 1991 21:09 Novomoskovsk, under the command of Captain Second Rank Sergey Yegorov, became the world's only submarine to successfully launch an all-missile salvo, launching 16 ballistic missiles (RSM-54) of total weight of almost 700 tons at an interval of several seconds (operation code name "Behemoth-2"). The first and the last missiles hit their targets successfully, while the others were self-destroyed in the air according to the plan. This operation was considered by the Soviet Navy as a part of possible nuclear war scenario ("Dress rehearsal of the Apocalypse") and experimentally confirmed the technical possibility of a safe underwater all-missile salvo. Politically, the Soviet ballistic missile submarines passed a reasonability check as a part of strategic triad. The previous attempt of an all-missile salvo (operation code name "Behemoth") was performed in 1989 and finished unsuccessfully, however with no casualties. As the experiment took place just before the August Putsch in the USSR, its results were forgotten for a while, and the crew's work wasn't rewarded by the Soviet government authorities.
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