Ryazan Oblast (Russian: Ряза́нская о́бласть, tr. Ryazanskaya oblast; IPA: [rʲɪˈzanskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Ryazan, which is the oblast's largest city. Population: 1,154,114 (2010 Census).

The Ryazan Region is located in the center of the European part of Russia, in a decline between the Central Russian and Volga ravines in the central part of the Russian Plain. It stretched for 220 kilometers from north to south and 259 kilometers from west to east. Distance from the Moscow circumferential road to the border of the region - 147 km Ryazan Oblast borders Vladimir Oblast (N), Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (NE), the Republic of Mordovia (E), Penza Oblast (SE), Tambov Oblast (S), Lipetsk Oblast (SW), Tula Oblast (W), and Moscow Oblast (NW).

In the northern part - the Meshchera Lowlands (120–125 m), cut along the border with the Vladimir region by the Kasimov moraine ridge (130–136 m), in the Kasimovsky region the ridge ends on the tectonic Oksko-Tsninsky shaft (the highest point is 171 m), stretching across the whole The eastern part of the region in the meridional direction, in the south-west - spurs of the Central Russian Upland (height up to 236 m). The lowest elevation is located on the banks of the Oka at the border with the Vladimir region - 76 meters. In terms of physical geography, Ryazan Oblast lies in the central part of the Russian Plain between the Central Russian and Volga uplands. The terrain is flat, with a highest point of no more than 300 m above sea level. Soils are podzolic and boggy on the left bank of the Oka, changing southward to more fertile podzolic and leached black-earths (chernozyom).

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