Sarawak Communist Insurgency

Communist insurgency in Sarawak

Part of Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation and Cold War

Armed soldiers stand guard in Sarawak, 1965.jpg

Armed soldiers guarding a group of Chinese villagers who were taking a communal bath in 1965 to prevent them from collaborating with the Communist guerillas and to protect the area from Indonesian infiltrators.

Date	c. December 1962–3 November 1990
Location	Sarawak, Malaysia
Result	Peace Declaration of Sri Aman 1973. Dissolution of the Sarawak Communist Organisation/North Kalimantan Communist Party (SCO/NKCP).

Belligerents

Anti-communist forces:
United Kingdom

Sarawak (until 1963)

Sarawak (after 1963)

Supported by:
Australia
Brunei
New Zealand
United States

Indonesia (after 1965) (Indo-Malay border)

Communist forces:
North Kalimantan Communist Party

Sarawak People's Guerilla Force (SPGF)
North Kalimantan People's Army (NKPA)

Indonesia (1962–65) (troops aid)
Other support:
Brunei People's Party

North Kalimantan National Army (NKNA)

Supported by:

Commanders and leaders

Walter Walker (1962–1965)
Tunku Abdul Rahman
Abdul Razak Hussein
Hussein Onn
Mahathir Mohamad
Stephen Kalong Ningkan (1963–1966)
Tawi Sli (1966–1970)
Abdul Rahman Ya'kub (1970–1981)
Abdul Taib Mahmud (1981–1990)
Brigadier Othman Ibrahim
Brigadier Ungku Nazaruddin

Suharto (from 1965)

General Witono

Bong Kee Chok
Yang Chu Chung
Wen Ming Chyuan
Yap Choon Hau
Lam Wah Kwai
Ang Chu Ting
Wong Lieng Kui
Cheung Ah Wah

Sukarno (until 1965)

Strength

1,500+ armed police and soldiers

10,000 (1968)>3,000 Indonesian troops

600-1,000+ guerilla fighters

unknown numbers of Indonesian infiltrators

Casualties and losses

Killed: 99
Wounded: 144

~2,000 Indonesian troops either killed or wounded

Killed: 400–500
Captured: 260
Surrendered: 220

Hundreds Indonesian infiltrators killed

Civilian casualties: ~19+ killed

Statistics source:

Anti-communist forces:
United Kingdom

Supported by:
Australia
Brunei
New Zealand
United States

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