Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha
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The Right Honourable The Lord Sinha KCSI, PC, KC |
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A whole-plate glass negative portrait of Satyendra Prasanna Sinha taken by Bassano Ltd, 20 May 1920, and now in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London.
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| Governor of Bihar and Orissa | |
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In office 29 December 1920 – 30 November 1921 |
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| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Havilland Le Mesurier (acting) |
| Under-Secretary of State for India | |
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In office 1919–1920 |
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| Preceded by | The Lord Islington |
| Succeeded by | The Earl of Lytton |
| President of the Indian National Congress | |
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In office 1915 – 1916 |
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| Preceded by | B.N. Bose |
| Succeeded by | Ambica Charan Mazumdar |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
24 March 1863 Raipur, Birbhum, Bengal |
| Died |
4 March 1928 (aged 64) Berhampore, Bengal |
| Spouse(s) | Gobinda Mohini Sinha (née Mitter) (m. 1909) |
| Children | 7 |
| Occupation | Politician, lawyer |
Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha,KCSI, PC, KC, (24 March 1863 – 4 March 1928) was a prominent lawyer and statesman in British India. He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal, first Indian to become a member of the Viceroy’s Council and the first Indian to become a member of the British ministry. He is sometimes also referred as Satyendra Prasanno Sinha.
Sinha was born on 24 March 1863 in Raipur, Birbhum in Bengal Presidency, British India. His father was the zamindar of Raipur and belonged to the Kayastha caste. He completed his early education from Birbhum Zilla School at Suri and then obtained a scholarship to Presidency College, Calcutta, then affiliated to the University of Calcutta, in 1878. In 1881, he left his studies in India to study law in England. In England, scholarship of £50 a year for four years enabled him to attend Lincoln's Inn where he studied Roman Law, Jurisprudence, Constitutional Law and International Law. Later, he also won the Lincoln's Inn scholarship of £100 for three years. In 1886 he returned to Calcutta as a barrister.
After returning to India in 1886, Sinha established a successful legal practice in Calcutta. In 1903, Sinha became Standing Counsel to the Government of India in 1903 overriding the claims of an English Barrister. He was the first Indian to be appointed as Advocate-General of Bengal in 1905, a post that was confirmed in 1908. His legal practice in 1908 was so lucrative that accepting government's invitation meant a cut in his annual income of £10,000. Sinha's first inclination was to turn down the viceroy's invitation, but Jinnah and Gokhale convinced him to accept the job. He also became the first Indian to enter the Viceroy's Executive Council in 1909. He was knighted in the New Year Honours on 1 January 1915. Sinha was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1915 at the Bombay session of Congress.
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