The beliefs and practices of Scientology include material related to sex and the rearing of children, which collectively form the Second Dynamic (urge toward survival) in Scientology. These beliefs and practices are based on the written works of Church of Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard.
In Hubbard's original Dynamics, "Sex" was the Second Dynamic, representing both the sexual act and the family unit. According to Reuters: "The second dynamic includes all creative activity, including sex, procreating and the raising of children."
In the Life Orientation Course (written in 1979 before Hubbard's death but published after in 1990), the definition replaced "Sex" with "Creativity". This new definition was later used in compiled materials such as the 1998 Introduction to Scientology Ethics. According to a statement made by the Church of Scientology to MSNBC, pre-marital sex is prohibited for Scientologists who are members of the organization's elite order, the Sea Org.
In 1982 Hubbard authored Pain and Sex, in which he ascribes misbehavior to psychiatrists (abbreviated "psychs"), in that under the "false data of the psychs ... both pain and sex are gaining ground in this society and, coupled with robbery (which is a hooded companion of both), may very well soon make the land a true jungle of crime". Beyond this, in this same bulletin, Hubbard states that pain and sex are both "invented tools of degradation" by "destructive creatures" with the intention "to shrink people and cut their alertness, knowingness, power and reach".
The tone scale is a gradient chart that describes rational or pro-survival behavior on an individual. The higher a person is in tone scale the higher is his ability to survive. The tone scale is described in detail in the book “The Science of Survival”. Chapter 18 of this book describes the tone scale as it applies to second dynamic: "At the highest MEST point of the Tone Scale, 4.0, one finds monogamy, constancy, a high enjoyment level and very moral reaction towards sex."