Scottish diaspora
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| c. 28–40 million worldwideA | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 United StatesB
|
6,006,955 & 5,393,554 |
 CanadaC
|
4,719,850 |
 Australia
|
1,792,600 |
 EnglandD
|
795,000 |
 Argentina
|
100,000 |
 Chile
|
80,000 |
 France
|
45,000 |
 Poland
|
15,000 |
 New ZealandF
|
12,792 |
 Isle of Man
|
2,403 |
 Hong KongG
|
1,459 |
| Languages | |
| Scottish English • Scottish Gaelic • Scots | |
| Religion | |
| Presbyterianism • Roman Catholicism • Episcopalianism • deists • atheists. | |
|
A These figures are estimates based on official census data of populations and official surveys of identity. BScottish Americans and Scotch-Irish Americans. CScottish Canadians. D Scottish born people in England only EUlster-Scots Fmissing G Number of people born in Scotland. |
|
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The Scottish diaspora consists of Scottish people who emigrated from Scotland and their descendants. The diaspora is concentrated in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, England, New Zealand, Northern Ireland and to a lesser extent Argentina, Chile and Brazil.
A Scottish Argentine population has existed at least since 1825. There are an estimated 100,000 Argentines of Scottish ancestry, the most of any country outside the English-speaking world. Scottish Argentines have been incorrectly referred to as English.
Scottish people have a long history in Canada, dating back several centuries. Many towns, rivers and mountains have been named in honour of Scottish explorers and traders such as Mackenzie Bay and Calgary is named after a Scottish beach. Most notably, the Atlantic province of Nova Scotia is Latin for New Scotland. Once Scots formed the vanguard of the movement of Europeans across the continent. In more modern times, emigrants from Scotland have played a leading role in the social, political and economic history of Canada, being prominent in banking, labour unions, and politics.
The first documented Scottish settlement in the Americas was of Nova Scotia (New Scotland) in 1629. On 29 September 1621, the charter for the foundation of a colony was granted by James VI of Scotland to Sir William Alexander. Between 1622 and 1628, Sir William launched four attempts to send colonists to Nova Scotia; all failed for various reasons. A successful occupation of Nova Scotia was finally achieved in 1629. The colony's charter, in law, made Nova Scotia (defined as all land between Newfoundland and New England) a part of mainland Scotland; this was later used to get around the English navigation acts. The Scots have influenced the cultural mix of Nova Scotia for centuries and constitute the largest ethnic group in the province, at 29.3% of its population. Many Scottish immigrants were monoglot Scottish Gaelic speakers from the Gàidhealtachd (Scottish Highlands). Canadian Gaelic was spoken as the first language in much of "Anglophone" Canada, such as Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Glengarry County in Ontario. Gaelic was the third most commonly spoken language in Canada.
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