Sultan Abu Bakar Ri'ayatuddin Al-Muadzam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Abdullah Al-Mutasim Billah Shah GCMG (29 May 1904–7 May 1974), was the fourth Sultan of modern Pahang.

Born at Istana Hinggap, Pekan, he was the second son of Sultan Abdullah Al-Mutassim Billah Shah by his wife, Che Kalsom binti Tun Abdullah.

Succeeding his father in 1932, he quickly became known as a friendly and approachable ruler by his subjects. During the Japanese occupation of Malaya, he discreetly encouraged resistance movements such as the Askar Wataniah, Force 136 and the MPAJA.

However, due to his penchant for marrying commoners, including several popular actresses and singers, he was less popular with other Malay rulers and they declined five times to choose him as Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.

He has been married to Tengku Ampuan Pahang, Raja Fatimah, the daughter of Sultan Iskandar Shah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Idris Murshidul Azzam Shah I, in Kuala Kangsar, Perak. His marriage was a marriage between two royal relatives who had a brotherhood relationship with his cousin Tengku Ampuan Fatimah called Tengku Nong Fatimah Binti Sultan Ahmad Muazzam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Ali.

He died on 7 May 1974 and was succeeded by his son Sultan Ahmad Shah.

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