TRH

thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Structural formula of TRH
Identifiers
Symbol	TRH
Entrez	7200
HUGO	12298
OMIM	275120
RefSeq	NM_007117
UniProt	P20396
Other data
Locus	Chr. 3 q13.3-q21

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Clinical data
ATC code	V04CJ02 (WHO)
Identifiers
CAS Number	24305-27-9
PubChem (CID)	638678
IUPHAR/BPS	2139
ChemSpider	554166
ChEBI	CHEBI:35940
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1472^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.041.934
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₆H₂₂N₆O₄
Molar mass	362.38367 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES C1C[C@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CC2=CN=CN2)NC(=O)[C@@H]3CCC(=O)N3)C(=O)N
InChI InChI=1S/C16H22N6O4/c17-14(24)12-2-1-5-22(12)16(26)11(6-9-7-18-8-19-9)21-15(25)10-3-4-13(23)20-10/h7-8,10-12H,1-6H2,(H2,17,24)(H,18,19)(H,20,23)(H,21,25)/t10-,11-,12-/m0/s1 Key:XNSAINXGIQZQOO-SRVKXCTJSA-N

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Identifiers

Symbol

TRH

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), also called thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF) or thyroliberin, is a releasing hormone, produced by the hypothalamus, that stimulates the release of thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone or TSH) and prolactin from the anterior pituitary. It is a tropic, tripeptidal hormone.

TRH has been used clinically for the treatment of spinocerebellar degeneration and disturbance of consciousness in humans. Its pharmaceutical form is called protirelin (INN) (/proʊˈtaɪrᵻlᵻn/).

TRH is produced by the globe in medial neurons of the paraventricular nucleus. At the beginning, it is synthesized as a 242-amino acid precursor polypeptide that contains 6 copies of the sequence -Gln-His-Pro-Gly-, flanked by Lys-Arg or Arg-Arg sequences.

To produce the mature form, a series of enzymes are required. First, a protease cleaves to the C-terminal side of the flanking Lys-Arg or Arg-Arg. Second, a carboxypeptidase removes the Lys/Arg residues leaving Gly as the C-terminal residue. Then, this Gly is converted into an amide residue by a series of enzymes collectively known as peptidylglycine-alpha-amidating monooxygenase. Concurrently with these processing steps, the N-terminal Gln (glutamine) is converted into pyroglutamate (a cyclic residue). These multiple steps produce 6 copies of the mature TRH molecule per precursor molecule for human TRH (5 for mouse TRH).

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Wikipedia