Toradol
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| Trade names | Toradol, Acular, Sprix, others |
| Synonyms | ketorolac tromethamine |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a693001 |
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| Routes of administration |
by mouth, I.M., I.V., intranasal, ocular |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 100% (All routes) |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Biological half-life | 3.5 h to 9.2 h, young adults; 4.7 h to 8.6 h, elderly (mean age 72) |
| Excretion |
Kidney: 91.4% (mean) Biliary: 6.1% (mean) |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C15H13NO3 |
| Molar mass | 255.27 g/mol |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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Ketorolac, sold under the brand name Toradol among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the family of heterocyclic acetic acid derivatives, used as an analgesic. It is considered a first-generation NSAID. An eye drop is available and is used to treat eye pain.
Ketorolac acts by inhibiting the bodily synthesis of prostaglandins. Ketorolac in its oral (tablet or capsule) and intramuscular (injected) preparations is a racemic mixture of both (S)-(−)-ketorolac, the active isomer, and (R)-(+)-ketorolac.
Ketorolac was developed in 1989 by Syntex Corp. (now part of Roche). It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1989. The eye-drop form was approved by FDA in 1992. An intranasal formulation was approved by FDA in 2010 for short-term management of moderate to moderately severe pain requiring analgesia at the opioid level. As of 2015, the cost for a typical course of medication in the United States is less than US$25.
Ketorolac is used for short-term management of moderate to severe pain. It is usually not prescribed for longer than five days. Ketorolac is effective when administered with acetaminophen to control pain in neonates because it does not depress respiration as do opioids. Ketorolac is also an adjuvant to opioid medications and improves pain relief. It is also used to treat dysmenorrhea. Ketorolac is used to treat idiopathic pericarditis where it reduces inflammation.
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Wikipedia