Upagraha (astrology)

In Hindu astrology, the term Upagraha (Sanskrit: उपग्रह) refers to the so-called "shadow planets" (chayagrahas) that are actually mathematical points same as the two Lunar nodes - Rahu and Ketu are. These are portions belonging to the Sun and other planets respectively and produce painful consequences. The classic writers like Parashara and Varahamihira do not include their influences as do later writers like Vankatesa Sarma, author of Sarvartha Chintamani.

Mantreswara in the 25th chapter of his Phaladeepika deals with the nine traditional upagrahas; the nine upagrahas are – Māndi (मान्दि), Yamakantaka (यमकण्टक), Ardhaprahār (अर्द्धप्रहार), Kaal (काल), Dhooma (धूम), Vyatipata (व्यतीपात), Paridhi (परिधि), Indradhanu (इन्द्रधनु) and Upaketu (उपकेतु). Gopsh Kumar Ojha clarifies that Mandi is Gulika (गुलिक). With the exception of Yamakantaka the rest eight upagrahas are malefics and produce bad results. Yamakantaka is powerful in conferring benefits same as Jupiter but the other eight have evil influences in the bhavas (houses) they are found to occupy.

Mandi’s rising is got by firstly finding out the duration of day and night; if the duration is equal i.e. of thirty ghatis each (one ghati=24 minutes), Mandi would rise at the end of ghatis 26 on " Sunday ", at the end of ghatis 22 on " Monday ", at the end of ghatis 18 on " Tuesday ", at the end of ghatis 14 on " Wednesday ", at the end of ghatis 10 on " Thursday ", at the end of 6 ghatis on " Friday ", and at the end of 2 ghatis on " Saturday ". In the case of "night-births" the 5th of that particular "weekday" will have to be considered, and if the day and night durations vary then the rising of Mandi will have to be altered proportionately. The rising times of Kala during day-time on weekdays are in order at the end of ghatis 2, 26, 22, 18, 14, 10 and 6; those of Yamakantaka are at the end of ghatis 18, 14, 10, 6, 2, 26 and 22, and those of Ardhaprahar are at the end of ghatis 14, 10, 6, 2, 26, 22, 18. Dhooma is got by adding 4 signs 13 degrees and 20 minutes to the Sun’s latitude; Vyatipata is got by subtracting the figures for Dhooma from 12 signs; Paridhi is obtained by adding six signs to the figures for Vyatipata; Indradhanu or Kodanda is got by subtracting Paridhi from 12 signs; and Upaketu is got by adding 16 degrees 40 minutes to Indradhanu. The simpler method for determining Mandi’s rising sign is - For day born, the duration of the day (Dinamāna) divided by 8 gives eight parts each part governed by a planet; the first part is ruled by the day-lord. For night born, the first part is ruled by the 5th planet in the given order; the sign rising in the east in the part ruled by Saturn is Mandi’s rising sign.

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Wikipedia