Venustiano Carranza
| Venustiano Carranza | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 37th President of Mexico |
|
|
In office 1 May 1917 – 21 May 1920 |
|
| Preceded by | Francisco S. Carvajal |
| Succeeded by | Adolfo de la Huerta |
| Head of the Executive Power First Chief of the Constitutionalist Army |
|
|
In office 14 August 1914 – 30 April 1917 |
|
| Governor of Coahuila | |
|
In office 1911–1913 |
|
| Preceded by | Jesús de Valle |
| Succeeded by | Ignacio Alcocer |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
29 December 1859 Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, Mexico |
| Died | 21 May 1920 (aged 60) Tlaxcalantongo, Puebla, Mexico |
| Nationality | Mexican |
| Political party | Democratic Party of Mexico & Liberal Constitutionalist Party |
| Spouse(s) | Virginia Salinas Ernestina Hernández |
José Venustiano Carranza Garza (Spanish pronunciation: [benusˈtjano kaˈransa]; 29 December 1859 – 21 May 1920) was one of the main leaders of the Mexican Revolution, whose victorious northern revolutionary Constitutionalist Army, defeated the counter-revolutionary regime of Victoriano Huerta (February 1913-July 1914) and then defeated fellow revolutionaries after Huerta's ouster. He secured power in Mexico, serving as head of state 1915-1917. With the promulgation of a new revolutionary Mexican Constitution of 1917, he was elected president, serving 1917 to 1920.
Known as the "Primer Jefe" or "First Chief" of the Constitutionalists, Carranza was a shrewd politician rather than a military man. He supported Francisco I. Madero's challenge to the Díaz regime in the 1910 elections and Madero's Plan de San Luis Potosí to nullify the elections and overthrow Díaz by force. He was appointed governor of his home state of Coahuila by Madero. When Madero was murdered in February 1913, Carranza drew up the Plan de Guadalupe, a purely political plan to oust Huerta. Carranza became the leader of northern forces opposed to Huerta. He went on to lead the Constitutionalist faction to victory and become president of Mexico.
Carranza was from a rich, northern landowning family; despite his position as head of the northern revolutionary movement, he was concerned that Mexico's land tenure not be fundamentally restructured by the Revolution. He was far more conservative than either Southern peasant leader Emiliano Zapata or Northern revolutionary general Pancho Villa. Once firmly in power in Mexico, Carranza sought to eliminate his political rivals. Carranza won recognition from the United States, but took strongly nationalist positions. During his administration, the current constitution of Mexico was drafted and adopted. Carranza did not implement its most radical elements, such as empowerment of labor, use of the state to expropriate foreign enterprises, land reform in Mexico, or suppression of the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico.
...
Wikipedia