Voima (1952 icebreaker)
Voima leaving Helsinki after bunkering on 5 April 2011
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.svg){kind=small} Finland
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| Name: | Voima |
| Namesake: | Finnish for "strength" |
| Owner: | Finnish Maritime Administration (1953–2004) Finstaship (2004–2010) Jäänmurtaja Voima Oy (Arctia Oy) (2010–) |
| Port of registry: |
Helsinki,  Finland
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| Builder: | Wärtsilä Hietalahti shipyard, Helsinki |
| Yard number: | 349 |
| Laid down: | 29 May 1951 |
| Launched: | 27 November 1952 |
| Sponsored by: | Sylvi Kekkonen |
| Commissioned: | 13 February 1954 |
| Decommissioned: | 2015 (planned) |
| Identification: | IMO number: 5383158 Call sign: OHLW MMSI number: 230291000 |
| Status: | In service |
| General characteristics (as built) | |
| Type: | Icebreaker |
| Tonnage: | 3,850 GRT |
| Displacement: | 4,415 tons |
| Length: | 83.5 m (273 ft 11 in) |
| Beam: | 19.4 m (63 ft 8 in) |
| Draft: | 6.4 m (21 ft 0 in) |
| Depth: | 9.5 m (31 ft 2 in) |
| Ice class: | 1A |
| Installed power: | 6 × Atlas Polar K58M (6 × 1,500 kW) |
| Propulsion: | Diesel-electric (DC/DC) Four shafts; fixed pitch propellers 7,800 kW (combined) |
| Speed: | 16.5 knots (30.6 km/h; 19.0 mph) |
| Crew: | 58 |
| General characteristics (after refit) | |
| Type: | Icebreaker |
| Tonnage: | 4,159 GT 1,248 NT 4,486 DWT |
| Displacement: | 5,209 tons |
| Length: | 83.5 m (273 ft 11 in) |
| Beam: | 19.4 m (63 ft 8 in) |
| Draft: | 7 m (23 ft 0 in) |
| Depth: | 9.5 m (31 ft 2 in) |
| Ice class: | 1A Super |
| Installed power: | 6 × Wärtsilä 16V22 (6 × 2,140 kW) |
| Propulsion: | Diesel-electric (AC/DC) Four shafts; fixed-pitch propellers 10,240 kW (combined) |
| Speed: | 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph) 2 knots (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph) in 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) ice |
| Crew: | 21 |
Voima is a Finnish state-owned icebreaker. Built by Wärtsilä Hietalahti shipyard in Helsinki in 1954, she was the first icebreaker in the world to be equipped with two bow propellers and generated widespread publicity that helped the Finnish shipbuilding industry to become the world leader in icebreaker design.
Voima was extensively refitted in 1978–1979. As of 2016[update], she is the oldest and smallest icebreaker in service in Finland. Originally, Voima was scheduled to be replaced by a new icebreaker by the winter of 2015–16. However, in 2016 it was decided to extend her operational lifetime by at least ten years.
In the Moscow Armistice, signed on 19 September 1944, Finland agreed to pay war reparations of US$300 million to the Soviet Union. The war reparations, paid in the form of ships and machinery over six years, included the newest steam-powered state-owned icebreakers Voima and Jääkarhu. This left Finland with one modern diesel-electric icebreaker, Sisu, which had been damaged by a naval mine during the war, and four older steam-powered icebreakers. Of these, especially Murtaja and Apu were considered nearly obsolete and their efforts in the Archipelago Sea were sometimes described being "mostly of moral nature". As a result, only the ports of Hanko and Turku were kept open through the first post-war winters.
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Wikipedia